Engineering \ 4-4
Soil mechanics and foundation engineering have traditionally studied the behavior of soils and foundations under static loads. On the other hand, soil dynamics can be affected by earthquakes, wind, heavy traffic, machines that produce harmonic or pulsed movements, construction activities such as pile manufacturing, soil improvement, explosions in mines, etc. It deals with the behavior of soils and foundations under dynamic loads caused by Improvements in soil dynamics intensified especially after the 1964 Niigata Earthquake, and engineers tried to better understand the behavior of soils under such loads in order to create safer design methods.
This book has been prepared with the aim of guiding students, engineers and colleagues who want to learn about the subject of soil dynamics, starting from the basic concepts, the behavior of soils under dynamic loads is tried to be presented in a general framework, and the subjects are introduced to engineers who want to learn more. has been studied.
This book has been prepared with the aim of guiding students, engineers and colleagues who want to learn about the subject of soil dynamics, starting from the basic concepts, the behavior of soils under dynamic loads is tried to be presented in a general framework, and the subjects are introduced to engineers who want to learn more. has been studied.
The relationship between soil, earthquake and constructions (static and dynamic loads) is an interactive relationship. On the one hand, earthquake waves and constructions change the strength properties of soils (for example, decrease in bearing capacity, slope failures, settlements, etc.), on the other hand, soils can cause damage to constructions by changing the amplitude and frequency characteristics of earthquake waves (amplifying). Although “floors” is the youngest and smallest unit of the world, it has a great importance in terms of its relationship with our cities and constructions and its effects on our lives. Urban planning stands out as an important study in expanding urban areas as a result of population growth. In order to improve the general welfare and quality of life of the society, it is necessary to achieve a balance between human settlements and the components/dynamics of the earth, whether at the macro or micro level. “Soil investigations” to be carried out both within the scope of large-scale urban planning applications and in the context of small-scale structural engineering are one of the important stages in establishing this balance. All studies in this direction have to be multidisciplinary in character by optimizing various human needs in harmony with the natural environment. This work has two main target audiences of equal value: the first is geophysical engineers with an interest in geotechnical, and the second is civil (geotechnical) engineers with an interest in geophysics. If engineers working in both fields know the limits of their "authorities and responsibilities", there are endless benefits in broadening the horizons of their "knowledge". In this context, besides the usefulness of this work for our colleagues who are geophysical engineers and civil (geotechnical) engineers, geological engineers working in the field of engineering geology, mining engineers working in rock mechanics and/or gallery-tunnel construction projects, and environmental engineer colleagues who are interested in environmental geotechnics/geophysics. We think that it will also be beneficial for urban planners/architects who are interested in microzonation studies within the scope of urban planning/transformation/renewal projects.
The book was revised due to its second edition, and some new additions were made to some sections. In addition, two topics that were not in the first edition were added. These; “Turkey Building Earthquake Code (2018): Principles for Design Under the Impact of Earthquake” and “Investigations on Contaminated Soils: Environmental Geotechnics and Geophysics”.
The book was revised due to its second edition, and some new additions were made to some sections. In addition, two topics that were not in the first edition were added. These; “Turkey Building Earthquake Code (2018): Principles for Design Under the Impact of Earthquake” and “Investigations on Contaminated Soils: Environmental Geotechnics and Geophysics”.
Zoology course is the most basic course for all biologists. During the undergraduate education, zoology will be used in all the courses to be studied, and the requirements for a better understanding of this course will increase. In the book prepared to meet this need, zoology in general terms; cell and tissue systems and the structuring of tissues are discussed on the basis of embryological development. Under thirteen chapters in total; disciplines in biology, ways of examining biological events, cell and cell science, cell elements, functions of the nucleus, reproduction-reproduction, embryology, organization-histology in living things, organs and systems, diversity of life, ecology and behavior are discussed. Biodiversity is given as an introduction to the information to be obtained in the systematics of invertebrate and vertebrate groups, and ecology and behavior issues form a preliminary information for the following years.
Working with the third edition is for biologists and anyone interested in biology; It will be useful because it provides the opportunity to meet with biology and convey the basic subjects in an understandable language.
Working with the third edition is for biologists and anyone interested in biology; It will be useful because it provides the opportunity to meet with biology and convey the basic subjects in an understandable language.