Plant \ 1-1
The book "Plant (Angiosperm) Embryology" has been prepared by taking into consideration the Plant Embryology course taught in the Biology departments of universities. It is the only Turkish book published on this subject. It is aimed to be easy to understand by writing in a simple language and putting plenty of drawings and photographs on the subject. It is hoped that those who do research on the subject can also benefit, as it includes both classical and recent developments.
Adequate nutrition of humans and animals and the supply of raw materials required for basic industry are possible with qualified as well as abundant plant production. For this reason, it is possible to understand all the events that take place in the plant, from the germination of the seed to the vegetative development and the formation of the generative organs, with a good knowledge of the plant physiology. Although it is included in Basic Sciences, plant physiology; It is undeniably important for field, vineyard and garden plants and flower producers as well as for those working in agriculture and forestry.
The Plant Physiology book consists of fifteen main chapters. In the first part, the Structure of Plant Cells and in the second part, Enzymes and their Functions are examined in detail. Water-Cell Relationships, Water Uptake and Transport, and Water Loss are explained in the following three main sections. Plant Nutrient Elements and Uptake and Transport of Nutrient Elements are presented in Chapters 6 and 7, based on the latest research findings. Photosynthesis, Nitrogen and Sulfur Extractions, Transport of Photosynthetic Products and Respiration are explained in detail in the following chapters 8, 9, 10 and 11. Growth, Growth Movements and Plant Hormones and Their Functions are presented in Chapters 12, 13 and 14. The meaning and importance of stress in plants and different types of stress are explained in Chapter 15, entitled Stress Physiology.
The Plant Physiology book consists of fifteen main chapters. In the first part, the Structure of Plant Cells and in the second part, Enzymes and their Functions are examined in detail. Water-Cell Relationships, Water Uptake and Transport, and Water Loss are explained in the following three main sections. Plant Nutrient Elements and Uptake and Transport of Nutrient Elements are presented in Chapters 6 and 7, based on the latest research findings. Photosynthesis, Nitrogen and Sulfur Extractions, Transport of Photosynthetic Products and Respiration are explained in detail in the following chapters 8, 9, 10 and 11. Growth, Growth Movements and Plant Hormones and Their Functions are presented in Chapters 12, 13 and 14. The meaning and importance of stress in plants and different types of stress are explained in Chapter 15, entitled Stress Physiology.
Plant Physiology is a branch of science that explains the basic problems of the formation, maintenance and termination of physiological events in plants according to the laws of physics and chemistry. In order to fully understand and learn about plant life, these complex events must be examined. Studies on plant physiology also shed light on important agricultural functions such as growing and harvesting plants suitable for the environment, and combating diseases and pests.
In the 1st part of this book, which consists of 15 main chapters, Plant Organs; It is explained in 5 subsections under the titles of Plant Cell, Plant Seeds, Plant Root, Plant Stem, Plant Leaf. The Structure and Properties of Water, Water-Cell Relationship, Water-Plant Relationship are explained in Chapter 2. Water Depletion in Plants is given in Chapter 3, Plant Nutrient Elements and Their Absorption in Chapter 4, and then Enzymes are explained in detail in Chapter 5, using the most recent sources. Production of Organic Matter in Plants (Photosynthesis) is explained in Chapter 6, Transport of Mineral Salts and Photosynthesis Products is explained in Chapter 7. Nitrogen and Sulfur Extraction is given in Chapter 8 of the book, Protein Extraction is given in Chapter 9, and Lipid Extraction is given in Chapter 10. Breathing in Chapter 11; explained in detail under six subheadings. Growth and Growth Movements are explained in Chapter 12, Flowering Physiology in Chapter 13, Movement Physiology in Plants in Chapter 14 and finally in Chapter 15 Stress Physiology based on the latest research findings.
Each of the 15 chapters in the book have been read by at least three of the 21 scientists working at different universities and research institutions, and who usually teach Plant Physiology Courses to undergraduate and graduate students in our universities. The names and addresses of the helping scientists are presented under the title of Contributors, as is practiced in the books published abroad.
In the 1st part of this book, which consists of 15 main chapters, Plant Organs; It is explained in 5 subsections under the titles of Plant Cell, Plant Seeds, Plant Root, Plant Stem, Plant Leaf. The Structure and Properties of Water, Water-Cell Relationship, Water-Plant Relationship are explained in Chapter 2. Water Depletion in Plants is given in Chapter 3, Plant Nutrient Elements and Their Absorption in Chapter 4, and then Enzymes are explained in detail in Chapter 5, using the most recent sources. Production of Organic Matter in Plants (Photosynthesis) is explained in Chapter 6, Transport of Mineral Salts and Photosynthesis Products is explained in Chapter 7. Nitrogen and Sulfur Extraction is given in Chapter 8 of the book, Protein Extraction is given in Chapter 9, and Lipid Extraction is given in Chapter 10. Breathing in Chapter 11; explained in detail under six subheadings. Growth and Growth Movements are explained in Chapter 12, Flowering Physiology in Chapter 13, Movement Physiology in Plants in Chapter 14 and finally in Chapter 15 Stress Physiology based on the latest research findings.
Each of the 15 chapters in the book have been read by at least three of the 21 scientists working at different universities and research institutions, and who usually teach Plant Physiology Courses to undergraduate and graduate students in our universities. The names and addresses of the helping scientists are presented under the title of Contributors, as is practiced in the books published abroad.
As the importance of plant-based foods in human nutrition has been proven by research findings, interest in plant analysis has increased. The analysis of agricultural products is requested and closely monitored in many countries. The development of modern devices and easy-to-use sensitive methods has led to the widespread use of plant analysis. As in most countries, plant analysis has taken its place in the analysis programs of laboratories in our country. The development of easy-to-use devices and sensitive methods has supported the spread of plant analysis.
This book, which was prepared to provide information on new easy-to-apply plant analysis methods to undergraduate and graduate students as well as those working in laboratories, consists of 24 main chapters. For those who want to work in laboratories with their own rules, the first and basic information is given in Chapter 1 and the developments in plant analysis from past to present are given in Chapter 2. In the light of the latest information, how and in what way the plant samples will be taken and the results of the analysis will be evaluated in Chapter 3 and the methods applied in the decomposition (burning) of organic matter are given in Chapter 4. Today, various modern analysis methods of macro and micro elements and useful elements that are absolutely necessary for plants are given in Chapters 5 - 24.
The chapters in the book were read by a total of 20 scientists and researchers working in different universities and research institutions, and necessary corrections and arrangements were made in line with the suggestions. The names and addresses of the helpers are presented under the title of "Contributors" as in the books published abroad.
This book, which was prepared to provide information on new easy-to-apply plant analysis methods to undergraduate and graduate students as well as those working in laboratories, consists of 24 main chapters. For those who want to work in laboratories with their own rules, the first and basic information is given in Chapter 1 and the developments in plant analysis from past to present are given in Chapter 2. In the light of the latest information, how and in what way the plant samples will be taken and the results of the analysis will be evaluated in Chapter 3 and the methods applied in the decomposition (burning) of organic matter are given in Chapter 4. Today, various modern analysis methods of macro and micro elements and useful elements that are absolutely necessary for plants are given in Chapters 5 - 24.
The chapters in the book were read by a total of 20 scientists and researchers working in different universities and research institutions, and necessary corrections and arrangements were made in line with the suggestions. The names and addresses of the helpers are presented under the title of "Contributors" as in the books published abroad.
It has been witnessed that the number of plant, soil and fertilizer analysis laboratories has increased rapidly in our country in recent years, and this number exceeds thirty in some provinces. The main reason for this is that the negativities in traditional (conventional) agriculture are clearly seen in our country, as in various countries, and the "Good Agricultural Practices, GAP" regulation came into force within the framework of the European Union (EU) harmonization program. The negative effects on the environment of the lack of guidance and control in the application of agricultural inputs, especially chemical fertilizers and pesticides, on human and animal health have been clearly seen.
Turkey has a unique biodiversity in terms of medicinal and aromatic plants. The medicinal and aromatic value of Turkish plants, especially endemic species, is very high. For this reason, the Anatolian flora is a very rich source of ethnobotanical research for traditional medicine practices and modern medical science. Moreover, the active ingredients of heavy industrial products such as medicines, aromas, perfumes, cosmetics, spices, functional foods and natural dyes are obtained from medicinal and aromatic plants.
This book will help students who study medicinal and aromatic plants, scientists who do research, and individuals who are curious about the subject to better know, understand more, research more deeply, and finally more It has been prepared in the light of scientific findings and academic rules in order to help students
In the book; the adventure of medicinal and aromatic plants from past to present, use of medicinal and aromatic plants in traditional medicine applications, distillation and extraction methods, herbal medicines and phytotherapy, essential oils and aromatherapy, perfumery and perfume plants, spices and spice plants, alkaloids and pleasure plants, herbal dyes Almost every subject such as dye and dye plants, production and reproduction methods of medicinal and aromatic plants, cultivation and breeding has been explained in detail with charts, graphics, pictures and figures.
With the information you will learn from this book, you can grow medicinal and aromatic plants in your field, garden or greenhouse, produce herbal teas, spices and natural dyes and medicinal preparations such as tinctures, creams, ointments, syrups, sherbets and pastes from your products to make your daily life healthier and higher quality, distillation. By making pure essential oils and aromatic waters, you can obtain perfume and cosmetic extracts by extraction.
This book will help students who study medicinal and aromatic plants, scientists who do research, and individuals who are curious about the subject to better know, understand more, research more deeply, and finally more It has been prepared in the light of scientific findings and academic rules in order to help students
In the book; the adventure of medicinal and aromatic plants from past to present, use of medicinal and aromatic plants in traditional medicine applications, distillation and extraction methods, herbal medicines and phytotherapy, essential oils and aromatherapy, perfumery and perfume plants, spices and spice plants, alkaloids and pleasure plants, herbal dyes Almost every subject such as dye and dye plants, production and reproduction methods of medicinal and aromatic plants, cultivation and breeding has been explained in detail with charts, graphics, pictures and figures.
With the information you will learn from this book, you can grow medicinal and aromatic plants in your field, garden or greenhouse, produce herbal teas, spices and natural dyes and medicinal preparations such as tinctures, creams, ointments, syrups, sherbets and pastes from your products to make your daily life healthier and higher quality, distillation. By making pure essential oils and aromatic waters, you can obtain perfume and cosmetic extracts by extraction.
Seeds and seeds are the source of life. The propagation and reproduction material used or involved in the reproduction and reproduction of plants and animals, and in a broader sense of all living beings, is called seed and seed. Especially seeds, seeds, seedlings, saplings and all kinds of breeders used in agriculture have a unique (belonging) importance and this importance cannot be discussed. The seed and the seed pod is the hiding place of all the features and beauty. Even the hidden secrets of life are here. Man has been trying to reveal and read these hidden secrets since the day he began to use seeds and seeds consciously in production and reproduction. This struggle and effort of humanity will continue for eternity (until the Day of Judgment).
One of the most important proverbs in our beautiful Turkish is “What you sow, you reap!”. In that case, it is essential to use seeds and seeds of high-yielding and high-quality varieties in order to obtain a quality product and high yield. Only in this way is it possible to engage in a profitable activity. In other words, to say basically, among the production inputs, seeds and seeds, more generally, the production material used have a special place. Farmers and producers who understand this fact properly will always gain. “The harvest of the additional seed, the mourning of absence.” The proverb expresses this situation appropriately and meaningfully.
Each seed represents a new beginning. Every seed that is a new beginning is a link with the past, a healthy and meaningful bridge between the old and the new. In many ways, the study of the seed is the study of life itself. A single seed forms a neatly wrapped package containing a living organism capable of displaying almost all the stages found in a mature plant. By examining the seed or the germinating seedling, man; He also learned a lot about growth regulators, respiration, cell division, morphogenesis, photosynthesis and other activities. Although botanists have learned a great deal about seeds and seeds since the early 20th century, there are still many unknown aspects of the seed. For this reason, as today, in the future, seeds will be of interest and research.
One of the most important proverbs in our beautiful Turkish is “What you sow, you reap!”. In that case, it is essential to use seeds and seeds of high-yielding and high-quality varieties in order to obtain a quality product and high yield. Only in this way is it possible to engage in a profitable activity. In other words, to say basically, among the production inputs, seeds and seeds, more generally, the production material used have a special place. Farmers and producers who understand this fact properly will always gain. “The harvest of the additional seed, the mourning of absence.” The proverb expresses this situation appropriately and meaningfully.
Each seed represents a new beginning. Every seed that is a new beginning is a link with the past, a healthy and meaningful bridge between the old and the new. In many ways, the study of the seed is the study of life itself. A single seed forms a neatly wrapped package containing a living organism capable of displaying almost all the stages found in a mature plant. By examining the seed or the germinating seedling, man; He also learned a lot about growth regulators, respiration, cell division, morphogenesis, photosynthesis and other activities. Although botanists have learned a great deal about seeds and seeds since the early 20th century, there are still many unknown aspects of the seed. For this reason, as today, in the future, seeds will be of interest and research.