Geography \ 1-1
Understanding the world we live in and positioning ourselves in the context of time and space in life is a result of geographical consciousness. Geographical awareness enables to know the world, country and close environment with its natural and human existence in the best way, and thanks to this awareness, it allows both to own it and to benefit from it in the best way by protecting it. Preserving ki includes planning and organizing by anticipating the future. Being geographically conscious individuals requires, on the one hand, acquire geographical knowledge and, on the other hand, geographical skills. Undoubtedly, our attitudes, identities, and values deeply affect our geographically conscious decision-making. Geographical skills, on the one hand, provide individuals with different attitudes, values and identities; It provides an opportunity to know, understand and question the other. When it comes to skill acquisition in geography education, it is a must to accompany theoretical knowledge with practice. When the literature is examined, both the fact that geographical skills are not supported with activities and practice examples and the absence of a detailed publication that brings geographical skills together in a single book constitute the main points of the preparation of the book. In this context, the book consists of eight chapters dealing with geographical skills, in the order of their presentation within the framework of the Geography Curriculum.
Hoping to accompany the story of the world, which presents an autobiographical narrative filled with evidence...
Hoping to accompany the story of the world, which presents an autobiographical narrative filled with evidence...
If it is necessary to define an "environment" within the general framework of the concept of geography, the environments in which living and non-living beings coexist, in communication with each other in the form of energy and matter exchange, and the distribution of these environments on the earth should come to mind.
The issue of what the basic starting point should be in human-environment or human-environment interaction is a matter of debate even today. Because today, human beings can change the physical characteristics of the environment in which they live, in line with their own interests. When necessary, hills and river valleys can be destroyed in order to open up residential areas, or by removing the natural surface cover (such as cutting forests, creating large water bodies by building dams), the energy exchange between the earth and the atmosphere, and thus the local climate, is changed.
Although humans cause some environmental changes by changing the surface in local areas, the factors that determine the boundaries of settlement and human activities are physical geography elements. Large water bodies such as oceans and seas, the upper parts of the mountains after a certain level (may vary depending on geographical latitude), desert areas are the main limiting factors, but rivers and seasides and areas with fertile plains have been the general centers of attraction.
Geography has developed its own schools over these concepts. Geographers, who took part in the movement that emerged in the 1850s, developed "environmental determinism" based on the interpretation that human activities are affected by physical geography elements, in other words, the physical environment or environment shapes man. On the other hand, in the following years, the interpretation of "possibilism", in which it is argued that people can determine how the opportunities offered by the environment to people, will be used, has been developed.
In this book, the general structure and characteristics of all the basic components that make up our world, mountains, plains, plateaus, oceans and seas, and undoubtedly the atmosphere, which we define as the environment, space or earth, which are the basis of these discussions, and their interactions with each other, are discussed in a clear and understandable language. has been written.
The issue of what the basic starting point should be in human-environment or human-environment interaction is a matter of debate even today. Because today, human beings can change the physical characteristics of the environment in which they live, in line with their own interests. When necessary, hills and river valleys can be destroyed in order to open up residential areas, or by removing the natural surface cover (such as cutting forests, creating large water bodies by building dams), the energy exchange between the earth and the atmosphere, and thus the local climate, is changed.
Although humans cause some environmental changes by changing the surface in local areas, the factors that determine the boundaries of settlement and human activities are physical geography elements. Large water bodies such as oceans and seas, the upper parts of the mountains after a certain level (may vary depending on geographical latitude), desert areas are the main limiting factors, but rivers and seasides and areas with fertile plains have been the general centers of attraction.
Geography has developed its own schools over these concepts. Geographers, who took part in the movement that emerged in the 1850s, developed "environmental determinism" based on the interpretation that human activities are affected by physical geography elements, in other words, the physical environment or environment shapes man. On the other hand, in the following years, the interpretation of "possibilism", in which it is argued that people can determine how the opportunities offered by the environment to people, will be used, has been developed.
In this book, the general structure and characteristics of all the basic components that make up our world, mountains, plains, plateaus, oceans and seas, and undoubtedly the atmosphere, which we define as the environment, space or earth, which are the basis of these discussions, and their interactions with each other, are discussed in a clear and understandable language. has been written.
General Physical Geography has been prepared as a textbook for the students of the social studies, geography and classroom teaching programs of the universities and the geography department. The scope of the book is arranged in accordance with the curriculum of the General Physical Geography course accepted by the Council of Higher Education. In addition, the unique science systematic of geography was taken into account in determining the content of the book. The science of geography, which is described as the synthesis and mother of all sciences, consists of two main branches of science, physical and human geography. Therefore, this book covers the basic issues of geography directly related to space (earth) and contributes to our better understanding of the natural structure and interactions of the world we live in.
The book is divided into eight chapters and numerous subheadings. In the first part, the definition, subject, development and scientific identity of geography; in the second part, the Universe, the Solar System and the Earth; in the third part, the formation of the earth, the factors affecting this process and the main topographies; The fourth chapter focuses on climate science, Earth's atmosphere and climate system. In the fifth chapter, water geography, distribution, characteristics and effects of underground and surface waters; in the sixth chapter, the formation of soil, its types, distribution and soil problems; In the seventh chapter, the classification of plants, the conditions of their habitats and their distribution on the earth are discussed. In the eighth and final chapter, various topics of map knowledge are covered in detail; maps, graphs, diagrams and geographic information systems have been touched upon.
The topics covered in the book are explained in a simple and understandable language. In order to better understand the subjects, efforts have been made to provide visual materials such as a large number of figures, maps, photographs, graphics, and tables, as well as reading passages, notes, warnings, etc.
The book is divided into eight chapters and numerous subheadings. In the first part, the definition, subject, development and scientific identity of geography; in the second part, the Universe, the Solar System and the Earth; in the third part, the formation of the earth, the factors affecting this process and the main topographies; The fourth chapter focuses on climate science, Earth's atmosphere and climate system. In the fifth chapter, water geography, distribution, characteristics and effects of underground and surface waters; in the sixth chapter, the formation of soil, its types, distribution and soil problems; In the seventh chapter, the classification of plants, the conditions of their habitats and their distribution on the earth are discussed. In the eighth and final chapter, various topics of map knowledge are covered in detail; maps, graphs, diagrams and geographic information systems have been touched upon.
The topics covered in the book are explained in a simple and understandable language. In order to better understand the subjects, efforts have been made to provide visual materials such as a large number of figures, maps, photographs, graphics, and tables, as well as reading passages, notes, warnings, etc.
Cities directly or indirectly affect a very large part of the world's population by connecting the surrounding population to themselves, due to their central location and the variety of goods and services they produce, together with the dense population they contain. For this reason, cities have a complex and rapidly changing structure by nature. For this reason, cities are difficult to plan, and their problems are many and varied. Globalization, which has been increasing its impact since the 1990s, has made this structure of cities even more complex.
Solving the problems of the cities and ensuring a healthy city development is only possible by analyzing the cities in a multi-faceted manner. This study aims to update the city, which has a long history and a rapid change, and the urban geography issues that deal with it, and to contribute to the multi-faceted analysis of cities.
Solving the problems of the cities and ensuring a healthy city development is only possible by analyzing the cities in a multi-faceted manner. This study aims to update the city, which has a long history and a rapid change, and the urban geography issues that deal with it, and to contribute to the multi-faceted analysis of cities.
In our country, maps in different scales are produced for different purposes. These maps are used by different professionals in all kinds of projects and applications based on the earth. Technical staff outside the map industry should know and be able to apply the subject and simple measurement techniques in order to be able to carry out the technical principles and application projects related to the production of these maps they use. This work has been prepared in such a way that it can be a reference source for the problems related to topography of technical staff working in sectors such as construction, architecture, city and regional planning, geology, mining, environment and agriculture, especially outside the mapping sector. In addition, the main issues of the map-cadastre sector related to topographic measurements are also included in the work.
How was the universe born? How did it evolve? What is a neutron star? What is a black hole? What is dark matter? What is dark energy? What kind of end awaits the universe?
Why is a week 7 days? How was the diameter of the Earth measured in ancient times? What were the contributions of Islamic scientists to astronomy? What mistakes did Einstein make besides his great discoveries?
What can satellites do and not do? Can satellites see inside our house? Can he listen to us? How do satellites help us find addresses?
What is space law? What are space policies? What does space wars mean? What's the trend? What did Turkey do about space, what could not?
Space has always been and will continue to be a subject that has occupied humanity since time immemorial. Although books have been written on the subject of space in many languages, there is no book that covers the history of space sciences, today's space technologies, law and politics under a single cover, neither in Turkish nor in a foreign language. In an area where superstitions roam, this book; It explains scientific, technological and political developments in a language that everyone can understand.
Why is a week 7 days? How was the diameter of the Earth measured in ancient times? What were the contributions of Islamic scientists to astronomy? What mistakes did Einstein make besides his great discoveries?
What can satellites do and not do? Can satellites see inside our house? Can he listen to us? How do satellites help us find addresses?
What is space law? What are space policies? What does space wars mean? What's the trend? What did Turkey do about space, what could not?
Space has always been and will continue to be a subject that has occupied humanity since time immemorial. Although books have been written on the subject of space in many languages, there is no book that covers the history of space sciences, today's space technologies, law and politics under a single cover, neither in Turkish nor in a foreign language. In an area where superstitions roam, this book; It explains scientific, technological and political developments in a language that everyone can understand.