Bilal Kılıç The unprecedented expansion of civil aviation over the past three decades drives the demand for new employees (e.g., commanders, first officers, cabin crew, dispatchers, loadmasters, and technicians). The training of these employees plays a vital role regarding safety. Researchers have focused attention sharply on aviation safety and the resulting demand for qualified employees.
Learning from failures, accidents and incidents is the capability of an organization or individuals to obtain information and knowledge from past events and transfer these into measures and safety actions that will help avoid reoccurrences and improve safety in the related industry.
Aircraft Accident Investigation: Learning from Human and Organizational Factors provides a complete overview of the contributing factors to accidents and incidents in aviation and fundamentals of aircraft accident investigation. While the book in your hands may be used in the form of a reference source at universities in terms of its contents, it may also be used in the recurrent trainings of airlines as a supplementary source. It is also a source of reference that may be individually used by those who are interested in aviation for the purpose of learning about the investigation methods and causes of accidents that have been experienced.

Ali Günyaktı, İbrahim Gürer Hydropower being a renewable and clean energy has an important aspect for the future energy demand in the world. In Turkey, as the urbanization and industrialization increase parallel to the increase in population there will be more and more need for electric energy in future. For the development of a hydropower project some diagnostic and feasibility studies are required. There are technical and environmental objectives that must be satisfied for each project. The size of a hydropower project should be decided according to the local hydrological resources. A well designed installation can satisfy many demands under acceptable financial and environmental conditions besides technical issues.
In this book, a wide ranges of topics are covered. They include the evaluation of water resources with their viability, local conditions for fixing the type of system, theory for engineering works, economic constrains and the elements of a feasibility study, environmental impact and appropriate countermeasures, and the selection of turbines to suit various discharges and heads.
This book has been prepared for civil engineering students who take the hydropower course during undergraduate and graduate education (studies). Many solved examples are provided for better understanding the theoretical parts. There are various problems given at the end of each chapter to be solved by students as homework or to check their knowledge about the theoretical explanation given in the book.

Metin Boşnak The portrayal of women in mythology, folklore, and literature as discordant palimpsests of universal realities canonizes patriarchal dicta, which the cherubim of politics, literature, and hermeneutics scrape clean and reinscribe as often as is necessary. In this book, Dr. Boşnak analyzes from a feminist perspective the origins of overt and covert misogyny in various works of nineteenth-century American literature: Washington Irving's “Rip Van Winkle” and “The Wife”, Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter, and The Blithedale Romance, Henry James' The Bostonians, and The Turn of the Screw. Yoked together, the American writers champion the recurrent mythic patterns of the archetypal women in the Western canon: the pre-lapsarian and post-lapsarian Eve (Eve before and after the Fall) and that of Lilith (the Dark Lady). Tracing themes and motifs in American literature to their archetypes, Dr. Boşnak deconstructs claims about the “uniqueness” of American culture and letters.
Metin Boşnak is a published poet, essayist, and scholar of Comparative Literature and American Studies at Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University.

Can Ozan Tuncer, Chong Zhang, Christopher James Lawless, Clarissa J. Humphreys, Conor Courtney, Ekber Kandemir, Emre Cihan Ateş, Erdal Özkaya, Erkan Bostancı, Gökberk Tekin, Katharine Palmer, Kevin Hosford, Kevin Sweeney, Le Tran Quoc Cong, Matthew David, Max Kilger, Mehmet Serdar Güzel, Naci Akdemir, Naci Akdemir, Nguyen Dao Phuong Thuy, Serdar Uysal, Tran Viet Dung In tandem with the increased use of the Internet and developments in technology and capabilities in cyberspace, there has been a significant increase in criminality in the same domain in general and in the context of COVID-19 pandemic in particular. This phenomenon is referred to as cybercrime which covers a multitude of prohibited acts which are often complex and can cross national borders with ease. The impact and consequences of cybercrime are equally diverse and complex including damage to economies, integrity of governance, privacy, national security as well as personal well-being and security to name a few. This timely book provides a powerful combination of multidisciplinary and international expertise from academia and law enforcement sectors. Respected scholars of the book come from variety of global regions offering state of the art research and insights.

Emine Esra Kasapbaşı Our general chemistry laboratory book has been prepared for the use in Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Nutrition and Dietetics and Biology departments of science faculties' General Chemistry Laboratory courses.
Our book contains detailed information about experiments where students can apply the theoretical knowledge they have learned in General Chemistry Laboratories and General Chemistry Courses. For this purpose, first of all, the rules to be followed in general chemistry laboratories, the points to be considered about the correct use of chemicals, the use and cleaning of laboratory materials and devices are explained.
After general information, preparation stages for each experiment, the key parts and detailed protocols for each experiment are given.
In this way, it is aimed that students learn the discipline of working in the laboratory and conduct experiments within the scope of general chemistry laboratories.
It is expected that the General Chemistry course, which is usually a 1st year course, will also help students to process other laboratory courses that they will be carried out in later years, by explaining the rules to be followed in the laboratory and the report writing technique.

Hasan Hüseyin Erbil A simple procedure has been found for the general solution of the time-independent Schrödinger Equation (SE) with the help of quantization of potential area in one dimension without making any approximation. Energy values are not dependent on wave functions. So, to find the energy values, it is enough to find the classic turning points of the potential function. Two different solutions were obtained, namely, symmetric, and antisymmetric in bound states. These normalized wave functions are always periodic. It is enough to take the integral of the square root of the potential energy function to find the normalized wave functions. If these calculations cannot be made analytically, they should then be performed by numerical methods. The SE has been solved for a particle in many one-dimension and the spherical symmetric central potential well as examples. The relative Dirac Equation is also solved. Their energies and normalized wave functions were found as examples. These solutions were also applied to the theories of scattering and alpha decay. The results obtained with the experimental values were compared with the calculated values. One was seen to be very fit.

Victoria Bilge Yılmaz, Mehmet Yalçınkaya Although Turkish culture has a unique sense of humor, humor culture has changed with the change of space and culture. Therefore, we found it appropriate to examine Turkish literature under the titles of Pre-Islamic Turkish Literature, Turkish Folk Literature, Old Turkish Literature and New Turkish Literature while addressing the adventure of humor in the history of Turkish literature.
We have included the concepts of irony, parody and satire, which are frequently used together with humor or as sub-types of humor in Western literature in order to determine the effect of the Western sense of humor on the Turkish literature's sense of humor. While pointing to the historical development of these concepts, we also tried to identify their samples in the Turkish humor tradition. We tried to determine the counterparts of these genres in the Turkish novel, which is on the verge of innovation, by considering especially the literature of the Second Constitutional Period, in which the Turkish culture was in touch with the West. Therefore, we mentioned the changes of humor and the concepts related to humor in the history of Turkish literature and during the Second Constitutional Period, in which the influence of Western literature was strongly felt, the new meanings that humor concept has gained. As a result, we dealt with the author's purpose in using humor, the form that the author uses in creating humor and the issues criticized through humor.
We also included a chapter on humor in English literature to juxtapose the comic effect in English and Turkish literature. This chapter on humor in English literature helps to envision the sense of humor in Western tradition and see the similarities between English and Turkish literary works in terms of comedy and humor.

Ali Günyaktı, Ayşen Günyaktı Hydromechanics text is mainly used by the undergraduate civil engineering students. It includes small amount of theory but a large amount of application of the conservation principles to the problems related with hydromechanics.
Water is essential for human being, animals, vegetation, and wild life. They use water mainly for drinking, cleaning, irrigation, energy production, recreation, and watering the livestock. About 70 percent of the fresh water is used for irrigation purposes in Turkey. However, fresh water resources are commonly far away from the location where it is needed. Therefore, the transfer of water is a must between such two locations. The transfer of water from the source point to the required position is performed by means of closed conduits under pressure or open channels having free surface under atmospheric pressure. Water transportation in pipe systems may include pumps or turbines and some control apparatus which must be encountered in energy equations.
This book uses the basic principles of the Fluid Mechanics for the design of the closed conduits and open channel systems necessary for the transfer of water between two points. Many solved examples are supplied for better understanding the way of using the theory explained in each chapter. There are also many problems at the end of each chapter similar to the examples supplied beforehand. They may be solved as homework by the students or to check their knowledge about the explained theory in each chapter.

Özge Deniz Turgutoğlu, Berfin Serdil Örs Gymnastics is a quite technical event in terms of both judging and the movements performed. In artistic gymnastics locomotor systems of the gymnasts are affected and developed depending on the apparatus they compete and men compete with six apparatus. Besides, handspring and the handspring sideward with ¼ turn are the basic elements for more complicated vaults. For this reason, it is thought that the measurement of velocity in the last part of the approach run and kinematic analysis of the vault performances are important to better understand the movements by the coaches and athletes. It is thought that examining the kinematic parameters of these elements according to categories will be beneficial in determining the missing points in the performance of the gymnasts, preparing the right training program, and contributing to the coaches and athletes. Considering all this information, the aim of the current study was the comparison of the last 10 m running velocity and kinematic variables of the handspring and the handspring sideward with ¼ turn elements performed on the artistic gymnastics vaulting table according to categories (pre-juniors and juniors, male gymnasts).

İsmail Kıyak Lighting is a discipline that is necessary for all living things and determines the quality of life. In recent years, besides the obligatory use of lighting, its visuality is also considered important, and therefore the concept of lighting design has emerged. Lighting design is classified as industrial areas, highways and pedestrian roads, building facades, sports centers, shopping areas, historical areas and objects, parking lots, interior areas, and each has different parameters in accordance with standards. In lighting technology, it is desired that the design made outside of the technical details appeals to the eye. In today's lighting projects, it aims to make the environment safer, more comfortable and more efficient in terms of energy saving, by transforming the space it is in into an automation, not just lighting. In addition, lighting has been fully integrated into smart building systems and has played an active role in improving living conditions.
This book provides sectoral information for those who consider lighting as a profession to have an idea. It contains; the concept of light, types of lighting, design principles of lighting systems, lighting control techniques and principles, protocols used in lighting automation are explained and sample applications are included.

Hayri Baba, Mustafa Sevindik In this book, what is the most descriptive information belonging to Mycetozoa species obtained from studies conducted so far in Turkey are given. The most comprehensive and most detailed description of the species has been tried to be made by scanning all available resources in the world with information about the species. In the description, all the characteristics of a species are given in the diagnosis. Hypothallus, Stalk, Columella, Peridium, Capillitium and Spores structures have that feature, and all the species identified in the world have been tried to be given with the widest description of the characteristics of that species from the eyes of all researchers. In the book, the category characteristics, genus, family, order and class features of the taxonomy of species are also given. The systematic characteristics of the species and the similarity of different species are given. In Turkey, where the species is given on the map and that is detected by whom. This book also has a first in Turkey. It is a reference book to be used by undergraduate, graduate and doctoral students studying in this field and a scientific book that is a guide book for researchers doing research on these subjects. This book is a resource book created by the authors with their decades of knowledge, effort and experience, starting with their doctorate studies. Hope it will be useful to all scientists ...

Ayhan Akbaş, Aytül Gökçe, Durdu Hakan Utku, Ender Sevinç, Enver Salkım, Gonca Buyrukoğlu, Musa Nurullah Yazar, Necattin Cihat İçyer, Samire Yazar, Selim Buyrukoğlu, Yıldıran Yılmaz, Zeynal Topalcengiz Programming Solutions for Engineering Problems is a lively book to get the theory of various real-life problems into perspective and to reduce their complication to tractable representations via convenient programming languages used in engineering, mathematics, and life sciences. The emphasis is on the use of rich repertoire of programming methods and techniques, supported with excellent graphical representations. User-friendly computational activities are intended to provide some guidance for implementing the computational methods for specific research subjects. The topics covered in this book include popular research issues such as utilization in population dynamics in mathematical biology; robotics; deep learning for various applications; image processing for generating computational models; data mining problems for medical purposes, etc. The book is designed for graduate students and scientists, primarily for those in mathematics and engineering.

Gokhan Bakal, Hayri Abar, Ibrahim Ozturk, Orhan Abar Over the last two decades, the amount of existing data sources in the world have dramatically increased due largely to digitalization. In parallel, data analysis has become a crucial topic for researchers in many areas. One of the essential perspectives in data analysis is text mining. In various forms, textual data is the most generated data element compared to multimedia data. Since the available data sizes are exponentially increasing, we need intelligent computational methodologies to handle massive datasets. Data mining approaches, specifically text mining techniques, come into prominence. The application of both text mining and machine learning techniques together on data analysis provides decent solutions. For that purpose, this book is prepared with four major chapters discussing various aspects of data analysis with text mining methods, such as clustering, classification, sentiment analysis, and prediction tasks implemented in the Python programming language.

Hüseyin Özgür Kazancı Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) optic imaging modality is the medical imaging technique used in the biomedical field. Experimental biomedical optic imaging method, which uses the lasers at specific wavelengths, is an important imaging modality for research purposes, especially for breast tumors and brain neurophysiological medical clinical applications, where the presence and absence of oxygenated blood is investigated. Some difficulties in the DOT imaging method prevented the method from being developed. The most important negative factor is that its spatial and temporal resolution is not within acceptable limits. The method was improved as a result of the steps taken by the researchers over time; on the other hand, it was not possible to be in the desired limits. The most important steps are: 1) Changing the angle of entry of source and detector probes to the tissue surface 2) Using high-density source and detector (SD) probes 3) Using only phase angle data in frequency domain devices can be counted. These studies are related to the improvement of the method. In this book, new improvements are mentioned and possible tools and equipment required to develop the method are mentioned. It is hoped that it will shed light on researchers and readers working in this field.

Serkan Kahraman, Yusuf Zorba Situational Awareness (SA) is generally described as the perception of the elements in the environment within a volume of time and space, the comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of their status in the near future. SA has emerged in military aviation for improving the safety and prevention of accidents. In the last decade, it was also used in user-focused areas like the civil aviation sector, air and sea traffic operations, nuclear plant facilities, off-shore oil platforms, etc. In this book, maritime pilots and shipmasters' situational awareness levels have been analyzed using a bridge simulator system and the results have been obtained. The importance of the book is to examine the concept of situational awareness for port pilotage services which are extremely important for improving maritime safety. Some of the key findings are positive effects of experience on situational awareness and those who pay attention to factors such as speed and distance in maneuver possess the highest situational awareness. In addition, some improvements are proposed in accordance with the conclusions of this book, to increase the quality of the techno nautical services used by pilots and masters.

Prof. Dr. Nuri KAYANSAYAN The primary objective of the text is to help students in Mechanical Engineering curricula develop an orderly approach in understanding the obscure concepts such as the energy and the exergy of a system. In doing so, a total of two hundred illustrative solved problems are provided, and five hundred and fifty unsolved problems with engineering emphasis are contained in the text. In addition, each chapter contains True-False and a Multiple Choice Test sections. Both of these tests are aimed for self-check of student's weakness or strength on the highlights of the related chapter.

The material has been selected carefully to include a broad range of topics suitable for two-semester engineering thermodynamics course at the junior level, and has been organized around such a way that the conservation of mass, energy, and the non-conservation of exergy are covered in sequence in Chapters 3, 4, and 5. Especially in Chapters 6, 7, 8, and 9 open-ended type design problems are included. Students could be assigned to work in teams to solve these problems. Design problems encourage the students to spend more time exploring applications of thermodynamic principles to devices and flow systems.

Special care has been given to illustrations of both the main text and of the problem section, and if necessary, figures in color are used for making the subject more understandable. Further facilitate comprehension of the subject, especially for students taking an elementary thermodynamics course in engineering curricula for the first time, systems like flow machines or heat exchangers have been illustrated with their essential components without going into unnecessary complexity.

Aysun Dağtaş, Şehnaz Şahinkarakaş People experience uncertainty in every aspect of life and researchers have investigated the concept in domains of psychology and communication in various contexts such as decision-making, health contexts, business, organizational settings and relational issues. Uncertainty is also a key concept in educational settings as it is unavoidable in life and it is a natural characteristic of learning contexts. Thus, it seems significant to expand our understandings of how students experience uncertainty while language learning. From the complex dynamic systems perspective, language learning is characterized as meaning making and this process of meaning making involves uncertain situations. Considering that uncertainty is inherent in language learning, it is necessary to understand how learners experience uncertainty in the language classroom and how they manage it.

Burak Polat This book is an advanced original text on Vector Calculus aiming university students and researchers from engineering and basic sciences who are interested in the analytical aspects of classical electromagnetism as well as other disciplines of continuum physics. It is an outgrowth of the author’s published works and university lectures throughout decades. The original material in the text includes the concept of Nabla Algebra, a complementary perspective on the network of relations between vector operators and integral theorems, vector algebraic properties of phasors, differential and commutative properties of the comoving time derivative operator, transport theorems in volumetric and nonvolumetric domains, generalized vector operators for studying singularities, spatial derivatives of point, space curve and surface type distributions of arbitrary order, and distributional forms of Stokes’s and divergence theorems. The reader is assumed to be familiar with the notions of differential and integral calculus at sophomore level.